# Center of Attention — Methodology, Data, and Bibliography

By Jeremy Musighi · Published 27 August 2026 · Updated 28 September 2026 · 5784 words
Canonical: https://profound.af/center-of-attention-methodology
Topics: israel, propaganda, politics

---

This page documents every measurement in [Center of Attention](https://profound.af/center-of-attention):
what was counted, how, from what data, with what known limits — and the full
bibliography with archive links. Everything is reproducible from public data
with no credentials. Where a choice had to be made, I made the one that
worked *against* the article's thesis.

The anchors below are linked from the article: [series](#series) ·
[comparators](#comparators) · [census](#census) · [tables-2019](#tables-2019) ·
[tables-2024](#tables-2024) · [decade](#decade) · [scaling](#scaling) ·
[regions](#regions) · [composition](#composition) · [gdp](#gdp) · [tv](#tv) ·
[decay](#decay) · [persistence](#persistence) ·
[themes](#themes) · [tone-by-region](#tone-by-region) · [x-layer](#x-layer) ·
[wikipedia-calibration](#wikipedia-calibration) ·
[who-is-quoted](#who-is-quoted) · [framing](#framing) · [bibliography](#bibliography)

---

### The method

**Dataset.** The [GDELT Project](https://www.gdeltproject.org/)'s Global
Knowledge Graph (GKG) — the largest open index of the world's online news —
in both its English stream and its Translingual stream (65 machine-translated
languages), published every 15 minutes since February 2015. Each record is
one news article with GDELT's geocoded location mentions, the outlet's
domain, and a document tone score (−10…+10; negative = negative language).

**Sampling frame.** For each calendar year 2017–2026 (2026 through Aug 18),
one 15-minute slot every second day, with the hour of day and minute rotated
so all times of day and days of week are represented; both language streams
read for every slot. Total: **14,679,657 articles sampled** across 10 years
(roughly 0.5–1% of everything GDELT monitors, evenly spread). Missing slots
roll to the next 15-minute file.

**Per-article coding.**

- *Countries mentioned* = the set of countries in GDELT's location field.

- *Primarily about X* (the strict measure) = X is the country with the most location mentions in the article. This is the measure behind every headline claim: "stories **about** Israel," not passing mentions.

- *Outlet home country* = the domain's country-code TLD where it has one ( .il , .uk , .br …), else GDELT's published 2015–2021 outlet-country lookup, else unknown (<0.01%).

- ***International*** = the outlet's home country ≠ the country being counted. Israel's totals therefore exclude the Times of Israel, JPost, Ynet, Haaretz, i24, Israel Hayom, Arutz Sheva — **and also foreign-based outlets whose coverage is predominantly about Israel** (JNS, Algemeiner, WAFA), because the outlet-country lookup assigns them to Israel. That choice deflates Israel's numbers, and the same rule is applied to every country identically.

- *Tone* = average article tone over international articles; *negative share* = fraction of articles scoring below −2.0.

**Denominators.** Population: World Bank WDI (2024), Taiwan from its
Ministry of the Interior. GDP: World Bank current US$. Conflict deaths:
Uppsala Conflict Data Program (UCDP) GED 25.1 "best" estimates — the
conservative, event-verified academic standard (UCDP codes Gaza/West Bank
events under Israel). Per-capita rank tables use a ≥5M population floor so
micro-states don't dominate; the ≥1M versions are in the raw tables and do
not change Israel's rank.

**Scripts and raw data.** The full pipeline — samplers, aggregation
checkpoints, table generators, TV harvester, decay analysis — is available
on request as a reproducibility package (gkg_sample*.py, report.py,
breakdown*.py, tonereg.py, tv_harvest.py, tv_decay.py, per-year
aggregates and CSV tables). Nothing requires credentials.

---

### Series

Israel's share of all sampled international articles, its world ranks, and
its tone, by year. "% any" = share of articles mentioning; "% primary" =
share of articles primarily about.

Year
Israel % any
Israel % primary
World rank, absolute (primary)
World rank, per capita (primary, pop ≥5M)
#2 per capita that year
Israel ÷ #2
Israel tone
% of articles < −2
Articles sampled

2017
2.30
1.13%
#6
**#1**
Ireland
2.9×
−2.11
48%
2,450,754

2018
2.55
1.37%
#5
**#1**
Ireland
3.4×
−2.54
53%
1,085,714

2019
1.74
0.89%
#7
**#1**
Ireland
2.3×
−2.29
50%
2,233,037

2020
1.30
0.51%
#12
**#1**
Sweden
1.5×
−2.28
52%
742,611

2021
1.43
0.56%
#12
**#1**
Ireland
1.9×
−2.00
47%
1,583,754

2022
1.04
0.34%
#16
#4
Ukraine
0.4×
−1.96
48%
1,357,946

2023
2.85
1.58%
#5
**#1**
Sweden
2.6×
−3.29
64%
1,422,825

2024
3.79
2.02%
**#2**
**#1**
Sweden
3.4×
−3.59
68%
1,796,208

2025
3.07
1.63%
#3
**#1**
Sweden
2.5×
−3.04
61%
1,255,732

2026 (Jan–Aug)
3.61
0.83%
#9
**#1**
Sweden
1.2×
−3.13
65%
751,076

**#1 per capita in 9 of 10 years.** The exception is 2022 — the year of
Russia's invasion of Ukraine — when Israel ranked #4 (behind Ukraine,
Switzerland and Ireland). Stated wherever the 9-of-10 claim appears.

### Comparators

Decade means (each year weighted equally), Israel ÷ country per capita:

Country
Mean annual share primarily about (%)
Israel ÷ (strict, per capita)
Israel ÷ (any mention, per capita)
Mean tone

Israel
1.085
1.0×
1.0×
−2.77

Sweden
0.473
2.4×
1.5×
−0.98

Ireland
0.189
3.1×
1.6×
−0.34

Switzerland
0.262
3.7×
1.7×
−0.56

UK
1.751
4.3×
2.9×
−0.82

Greece
0.233
4.9×
2.6×
−0.68

Lebanon
0.126
5.0×
2.3×
−2.70

France
1.113
6.7×
3.6×
−0.64

Canada
0.526
8.5×
4.6×
−0.35

Russia
1.701
9.2×
6.5×
−1.97

Germany
0.922
9.8×
4.7×
−0.81

United States
3.499
10.5×
7.8×
−0.98

Taiwan
0.188
13.5×
6.4×
0.04

Saudi Arabia
0.262
14.6×
8.1×
−1.07

Iran
0.633
15.7×
12.1×
−2.67

Japan
0.794
16.9×
10.6×
−0.21

Turkey
0.448
20.7×
12.2×
−1.56

North Korea
0.130
22.0×
12.7×
−2.07

Afghanistan
0.174
26.6×
16.0×
−3.00

Mexico
0.429
33.1×
20.1×
−0.95

Yemen
0.076
57.8×
30.7×
−3.07

Egypt
0.195
64.9×
28.6×
−1.57

Brazil
0.323
71.2×
39.0×
−0.66

Sudan
0.067
82.3×
53.1×
−2.56

China
1.784
85.7×
68.7×
−0.88

Pakistan
0.189
144.6×
86.3×
−2.25

Myanmar
0.028
208.6×
125.6×
−2.25

Indonesia
0.123
251.0×
139.4×
−1.01

Nigeria
0.097
260.1×
143.2×
−1.33

India
0.557
282.6×
202.1×
−0.65

Ethiopia
0.045
320.9×
172.3×
−1.54

Bangladesh
0.055
339.9×
169.9×
−1.81

DR Congo
0.007
1,820.8×
641.7×
−2.31

The article's holy-geography comparison — Saudi Arabia 1/12, Italy 1/7,
Iraq 1/25 of Israel's attention per capita — uses the 2019 quiet-year
strict ruler (Israel 1,997.1 primarily-about articles per 1M residents;
Saudi Arabia 172.9; Italy 290.9; Iraq 81.4, from 3,750 international
articles primarily about Iraq in the 2019 sample and a population of
46.0M), the same ruler as the Taiwan/Japan/South Korea alliance
comparison. In the 2024 war year the same gaps widen to 1/33, 1/17 and
1/104. Lebanon, Jordan and Egypt, the comparators in the first
published version, stand at 1/5, 1/12 and 1/53 on the 2019 ruler.

The article's year-range formulations ("7 to 16 times more than Canada,
50 - 137x Brazil, 200 - 600x India") are the minimum and maximum of the
annual per-capita multiples across 2017–2026 from the per-year tables.

### Census

An independent cross-check by a completely different method: GDELT DOC 2.0
full-index keyword counts ((Israel OR Israeli OR Israelis) -sourcecountry:IS, and the equivalent for every comparator) — a census of
all ~60–228M articles GDELT monitored per year, no sampling and no
geocoding. Convergence with the GKG sample: **Pearson r = 0.958 across 128
country-years.** The census runs slightly *below* the sample for Israel
(keyword matching misses articles that say only "Gaza," "Jerusalem" or
"Netanyahu"), so it is the conservative floor. Floor numbers: **1,789,703
international articles mentioning Israel in 2019** (of 170.5M monitored);
**2,045,808 in 2024** (3.42% of 59.8M); 1,181,010 in Jan–Aug 2026 (3.64%).

The index shrank in April 2023. Through 2022 its monitored total tracked GDELT's raw
article stream within 7% every year; since April 2023 it holds 43–50% of the stream
(2024: 59.8M indexed against about 138M processed, estimated from the sample), so
census counts from 2023 on are floors at under half of what GDELT processed. Shares,
and every per-capita figure, come from the sample and are unaffected. The war-period
floor: **5,696,587** international articles mentioning Israel from October 7, 2023 to
August 18, 2026.

### Tables 2019

2019: no war — 83 conflict deaths all year (UCDP). Sample: 457 slots,
2,233,037 articles. **1 of every 112 international articles was primarily
about Israel** (0.89%).

International articles primarily about the country, per 1M residents
(population ≥5M), top 20:

#
Country
per 1M
Primarily about (intl)
Pop (M)
Ratio to Israel

1
**Israel**
**1,997.1**
19,975
10.0
1.00

2
Ireland
878.1
4,738
5.4
0.44

3
Sweden
825.9
8,730
10.6
0.41

4
Hong Kong
780.6
5,873
7.5
0.39

5
New Zealand
729.9
3,861
5.3
0.37

6
UK
671.8
46,543
69.3
0.34

7
Switzerland
545.3
4,911
9.0
0.27

8
Norway
511.6
2,851
5.6
0.26

9
Serbia
453.0
2,984
6.6
0.23

10
Greece
426.5
4,438
10.4
0.21

11
Australia
421.3
11,457
27.2
0.21

12
Denmark
415.4
2,483
6.0
0.21

13
Lebanon
407.3
2,365
5.8
0.20

14
France
395.7
27,127
68.6
0.20

15
Belgium
380.4
4,511
11.9
0.19

16
Austria
367.3
3,371
9.2
0.18

17
Spain
334.3
16,331
48.8
0.17

18
Venezuela
326.4
9,272
28.4
0.16

19
Libya
322.7
2,382
7.4
0.16

20
Finland
322.1
1,810
5.6
0.16

Absolute ranking 2019 (primarily-about): US, China, UK, Russia, France,
Germany, **Israel #7** — ahead of Japan, India, Canada, Brazil, Australia,
Mexico, Spain, Italy — with a population smaller than metropolitan
Paris's.

### Tables 2024

2024: war. Sample: 458 slots, 1,796,208 articles. **1 in 50 of the world's
international articles primarily about Israel (2.02%); 1 in 26 mentioning
it (3.79%).** Absolute rank: **#2 on Earth**, behind only the United
States.

#
Country
per 1M
Primarily about (intl)
Pop (M)
Ratio to Israel

1
**Israel**
**3,621.7**
36,225
10.0
1.00

2
Sweden
1,075.9
11,372
10.6
0.30

3
Ireland
610.1
3,292
5.4
0.17

4
Lebanon
586.3
3,404
5.8
0.16

5
Ukraine
582.1
22,040
37.9
0.16

6
Serbia
574.8
3,786
6.6
0.16

7
Switzerland
495.1
4,459
9.0
0.14

8
Greece
437.9
4,556
10.4
0.12

9
UK
375.1
25,984
69.3
0.10

10
Austria
367.0
3,368
9.2
0.10

11
Denmark
364.2
2,177
6.0
0.10

12
France
327.4
22,445
68.6
0.09

13
Norway
308.3
1,718
5.6
0.09

14
New Zealand
305.5
1,616
5.3
0.08

15
Hong Kong
302.4
2,275
7.5
0.08

16
Belgium
293.1
3,476
11.9
0.08

17
Australia
287.9
7,828
27.2
0.08

18
Singapore
266.0
1,606
6.0
0.07

19
Spain
241.4
11,793
48.8
0.07

20
Finland
236.1
1,327
5.6
0.07

Note that even at war, with a 3.4× lead over the runner-up, every other
entry in the top 20 is a rich, quiet Western democracy or a war zone with
4–7 times Israel's population.

### Decade

All 10 sampled years weighted equally. Israel: mean annual share
primarily-about **1.09%** of all international articles on Earth; mean tone
−2.77. Per capita rank: **#1**, at 2.4× the runner-up (Sweden). Absolute
rank across the decade: **#6 of all countries** — behind the US, China,
UK, Russia and France; ahead of Ukraine (at war since 2022), Germany,
Japan, and every country in Asia, Africa and the Americas.

### Scaling

Scaled from sample shares to GDELT's full 2019 monitored volume (~170M
articles): about **1.5 million international news articles primarily about
Israel in 2019** — roughly **one story for every 7 Israelis** — versus one
per 16 Swedes, 24 Swiss, 36 Austrians, 47 Canadians, **340 Brazilians,
1,550 Indians**. (The census floor for mentions, 1.79M, is consistent.)

### Regions

International articles primarily about Israel vs the summed total of whole
regions (2024): Israel 36,225 — **sub-Saharan Africa, 48 countries and 1.3
billion people, 17,036 (Israel = 213%)**; the Arab League's 22 states
28,640 (Israel = 126%); South Asia (incl. India and Pakistan, ~2 billion
people) 14,963 (Israel = 242%); ASEAN 12,657 (Israel = 286%). Israel exceeds
sub-Saharan Africa's combined total in 2018 and in every completed year
since October 7 (2023, 2024, 2025). Full year-by-year tables (both
measures) in the raw tables.

### Composition

Who produces the world's Israel coverage (outlet home country):

**2019 (quiet year), stories primarily about Israel:** ~69% from outlets
in Muslim-majority countries — the Palestinian territories alone ≈ 58%
(WAFA, the Palestinian Authority's official agency, Ma'an and peers) —
and ~24% from Western outlets (US ≈ 12%). On the broader mentioning
measure the top sources were: West Bank 36.4%, United States 19.0%,
Turkey 3.7%, Russia 2.9%, UK 2.1%, Syria 2.1%.

**2024 (war), stories primarily about Israel:** the composition flips —
**Western outlets ≈ 60%**, Muslim-majority-country outlets ≈ 27%. Top
sources on the mentioning measure: United States 20.9%, Turkey 6.6%, UK
5.7%, Greece 4.5%, Egypt 4.5%, Germany 4.2%.

Both readings are stated in the article: in quiet years the permanent
floor is substantially the Muslim world's state-dominated press keeping
Israel on the page; in war years the West saturates.

### GDP

Articles primarily about the country per $1B of GDP (countries with GDP ≥
$100B):

**2019:** 1. Venezuela (76.9/$B — an economy in collapse), 2. Ukraine
(58.7), **3. Israel (36.8)**, 4. Iran (22.5), 5. Greece (17.3).
**2024:** 1. Ukraine (115.5 — a country under invasion), **2. Israel
(66.8)**, 3. Venezuela (39.6), 4. Sweden (18.8), 5. Greece (17.8).

The only countries that outrank Israel on this measure, in either year,
are Venezuela and Ukraine.

### TV

Television measured directly from closed captions: the GDELT Television
2.0 API over the Internet Archive's TV News Archive — the share of all
monitored 15-second caption clips mentioning each country's name terms,
averaged per day and across stations. Two groups: US cable (CNN + Fox News

- MSNBC; archive from mid-2009) and BBC News (from 2017). The archive feed ends October 11, 2024.

- **2024, US cable:** Israel was the most-mentioned country on Earth — 3.26% of all airtime, ahead of Iran (1.22%), Russia (1.20%), Ukraine (1.09%), China (0.64%). Adding "Gaza" (1.02%) and "Hamas" (1.05%) — terms that are also Israel-war coverage — widens the lead.

- **2024, BBC News:** Israel was mentioned in **6.0% of all airtime — one broadcast minute in every 17**.

- **2010–2016 (pre-sample era):** by airtime share per capita, Israel ranked **#1 among 21 major countries and conflict zones** (incl. Syria, Afghanistan, Ukraine, Iran, North Korea, Russia, China, India, Brazil, Canada, Sudan, DRC, Ethiopia, Yemen, Myanmar) **in every single year** — extending the measured persistence record to 2010–2026.

- Caveats: caption keyword matching, not geocoding; US cable is driven by US domestic politics (Russia 2017–19 = the Trump-Russia story, not Russia); "India," "Turkey," "Congo" carry name ambiguities that inflate those comparators — i.e., bias against Israel's lead, not for it.

### Decay

For each major eruption of the last five years, daily US-cable airtime
share from event day forward (tv_decay.py; baseline = mean of the 90
pre-event days):

Case
Peak (share of airtime)
at day 30 (% of peak)
day 90
day 180
1 year
day 540
2 years

**Israel (Oct 7, 2023)**
**33.9%**
48%
10%
12%
**25%**
archive ends
—

Ukraine (invasion, 2022)
24.6%
69%
13%
8%
32%
4%
15%

Afghanistan (Kabul, 2021)
26.7%
27%
**2%**
2%
5%
1%
1%

Sudan (civil war, 2023)
1.5%
1%
2%
1%
1%
1%
archive ends

Nagorno-Karabakh (2023)
0.08%
3%
1%
1%
0%
archive ends
—

Israel (May 2021 war)
6.4%
10%
4%
1%
4%
3%
4%

Ethiopia (Tigray, 2020)
0.03%
—
—
—
—
—
—

Kabul consumed 27% of airtime on its peak week and was at 2% of peak in 90
days. Sudan's only peak was the week of the American-citizen evacuation;
in the following 18 months it cleared 1% of daily airtime on 8 days.
Tigray — the deadliest war of the decade — never reached 0.03% of airtime
on any day, so a "% of peak" curve for it would be percent of nothing;
that absence is the finding. Israel after Oct 7 held **above 1% of all
cable airtime on 344 of the next 365 days**, averaged **5.65% for the full
year** (higher than Ukraine's first-year 4.94%), and at one year was
*rising* — 25% of peak, with a "quiet-day" floor 27× its own pre-war
baseline. The archive ends Oct 11, 2024 (Israel observed to day 371).

### Persistence

In print, the same signature. Israel's share of all international articles
(mentioning), by calendar year since Oct 7: **2023: 2.85% → 2024: 3.79% →
2025: 3.07% → 2026 (Jan–Aug): 3.61%** — every post-war year above the
first, no decay. Compare the standard lifespans: Ethiopia's share was flat
through its own war (0.19 → 0.23 → 0.16% across 2020–2022 — its
deadliest year was its least-covered of the three); Sudan's war moved it
from 0.18% to 0.32% for one year, then back down to 0.18% while the war
grew worse; Myanmar's coup bump (0.17%) halved within a year. Israel's
*floor* — its share in years when nothing happens (1.0–1.7% mentioning,
0.3–0.9% primary) — is a level other small countries touch only in the
worst week of their history.

**Per-capita rank, month by month (the chart in the article).** For each
story, every 30-day window counted forward from the event: the share of all
international articles mentioning the country (GDELT DOC 2.0 full-index
daily counts; the country's own outlets excluded), divided by population, and
ranked against every country of 5M+ people — about 115 countries. Armenia
(3.0M) is added to the field so the Karabakh line can be ranked. Israel held
**#1 in 30 of the 34 monthly windows since Oct 7, and #2 in the other 4.**
Data through Aug 18, 2026; GDELT's outage of Jun 14 – Jul 2, 2025 (during the
Israel–Iran war) lowers that window's counts. This uses the "mentioning"
measure, so its ranks are not directly comparable to the strict
"primarily about" per-capita tables above.

Story
Month 1
Month 3
Month 6
Month 12
Month 24
Latest
Best
Months at #1

Israel (Oct 7, 2023)
#1
#1
#1
#2
#1
#1 (month 34)
#1
30 of 34

Ukraine (invasion, Feb 2022)
#1
#1
#1
#5
#7
#10 (month 36)
#1
7 of 36

Karabakh (Armenia, Sept 2023)
#2
#15
#15
#20
#8
#27 (month 35)
#2
0 of 35

Afghanistan (fall of Kabul, Aug 2021)
#1
#36
#41
#48
#61
#71 (month 36)
#1
1 of 36

Sudan (civil war, Apr 2023)
#38
#78
#85
#87
#81
#86 (month 36)
#38
0 of 36

Tigray (Ethiopia, Nov 2020)
#99
#110
#112
#109
#114
#115 (month 36)
#99
0 of 36

### Themes

Share of international stories primarily about the country carrying GDELT
conflict themes (kill / terror / armed conflict / military / massacre /
airstrike / hostage / genocide …): **Israel 2019: 61%** (49% on the
narrower kill/terror/armed-conflict set) — the tier of Iran (61%) and
Lebanon (55%) — versus 23–29% for Sweden, Switzerland, Canada, UK,
Germany and Japan, and 40–42% for Brazil, India and Mexico. **2024: 88%**
(84%). Israel is written about as a conflict that happens to contain a
country; its Western peers are written about as countries.

### Tone by region

Restricting to **Western outlets only**, stories about Israel:

- **2019 (quiet):** tone −2.2, 49% negative — the register Western outlets applied that year to Russia, Turkey and North Korea (their Canada coverage ran −0.1, Switzerland +0.1, Sweden −0.6).

- **2024 (war): tone −4.42, 78% negative** — darker than the same outlets' coverage that year of Russia (−3.3), Iran (−3.7) or Syria (−3.8). One country's Western-press register ran darker still: Yemen (−4.81) — which is why the article's claim is "darker than Russia's, Iran's or Syria's," not "darker than everything."

The negativity is therefore not an artifact of the Palestinian/Arab/
Muslim-world press share: the West's own register is the darkest part of
the composite. Western-outlet per-capita ranks (strict): 2019 Israel #3
(behind Ireland and Sweden — i.e., in quiet years Western media cover
Israel like a small rich European country, though still 22× Brazil and
112× India per capita); 2024 **#1 at 3.8× Sweden** (11.5× Canada, 144×
Brazil, 662× India), and #2 absolute behind only the US.

### X layer

No open census of X/Twitter volume exists, so the article makes **no
measured platform-total claims of its own**. What it uses, each labeled in
place: (a) X's own first-party statements (50M+ posts on Oct 7–9, 2023;
enforcement totals one and two years in) — the platform's numbers, linked
and archived; (b) a disclosed same-hour sampling proxy run on an ordinary
news day (2026-08-24): identical "Latest" searches returned Israel/Gaza
posts seconds apart around the clock, Sudan posts minutes-to-hours apart,
DRC/Tigray/Myanmar posts hours-to-days apart — the same
never-off-the-page signature the news data measures; (c) within-account
counts over fixed windows for the largest "Palestine"-advocacy accounts
(Israel/Gaza posts every few hours vs other-crisis posts days-to-weeks
apart) and engagement asymmetry inside single institutional accounts
(@hrw's sampled Israel posts: 584–1,314 likes; its South Sudan posts:
33–61). These are proxies with stated windows, not platform statistics,
and the counter-examples found (African-crisis advocacy posts by the same
accounts) are noted in the article's claims file.

### Wikipedia calibration

What people *choose* to look up, versus what they are fed: English
Wikipedia views of each country's article per 1,000 residents, 2019 —
Qatar 889 (World Cup bid coverage), Ireland 570, Norway 545, **Israel
513**, Denmark 482, Switzerland 420, Lebanon 415. Organic curiosity about
Israel sits in the ordinary small-rich-country tier; the news volume does
not.

### Who is quoted

Which organizations are named in the coverage — a test of whether Israel
coverage is unusually sourced to NGOs and UN bodies. Same sample frame as
everything above (phase 1: one 15-minute GKG slot every 4th day, both
streams; 2019: 443,074 articles, 128,010 international primary-country
articles; 2024: 352,806 / 101,203), reading GDELT's
V2EnhancedOrganizations field (else V1Organizations) for each
international article primarily about a country. Buckets by conservative
name lists: human-rights/humanitarian NGOs (Human Rights Watch, Amnesty,
B'Tselem, Breaking the Silence, Al-Haq, PHR, MSF, ICRC/Red Crescent, Oxfam,
Save the Children, NRC, Crisis Group, Euro-Med, PCHR, CPJ, RSF, DCI …); UN
humanitarian/rights bodies (UNRWA, OCHA, UNICEF, WHO, WFP, UNHCR, OHCHR,
Human Rights Council, special rapporteur); any UN body (adds the Security
Council, General Assembly, ICJ, ICC); a health ministry. Shares are of
international articles primarily about the country; "West" = Western-based
outlets. (gkg_orgs.py; full tables with intervals in ORGS_TABLES.md.)

Year
Country
n (intl)
HR-NGO %
UN-humanitarian %
any UN body %
Health ministry %
West: any UN body %

2019
Israel
3,895
1.1
0.8
**8.6**
1.7
7.3

2019
Ukraine
2,024
0.2
0.1
**6.0**
0.0
12.1

2019
Russia
5,731
0.3
0.1
**1.4**
0.1
1.0

2019
Iran
2,177
1.5
0.1
**6.8**
0.1
7.6

2019
Syria
1,486
2.2
0.5
**9.0**
0.0
9.0

2019
Lebanon
472
1.5
0.0
**4.4**
0.0
4.3

2019
Sudan
322
8.7
1.9
**18.9**
2.8
25.7

2019
Yemen
345
5.2
4.6
**24.1**
1.7
30.3

2019
Ethiopia
475
0.8
4.2
**12.8**
0.4
14.2

2019
Myanmar
80
6.2
0.0
**18.8**
0.0
26.8

2019
DR Congo
50
18.0
24.0
**28.0**
4.0
47.8

2019
China
8,782
0.3
0.2
**1.4**
0.1
1.4

2024
Israel
7,258
2.2
2.0
**13.5**
4.1
13.9

2024
Ukraine
4,313
0.1
0.1
**2.0**
0.2
2.1

2024
Russia
5,375
0.3
0.1
**2.7**
0.3
3.5

2024
Iran
1,443
1.4
0.3
**7.1**
0.3
7.5

2024
Syria
805
1.4
0.1
**4.6**
0.0
4.6

2024
Lebanon
774
0.5
0.3
**9.9**
6.2
13.9

2024
Sudan
167
3.6
10.8
**35.9**
3.0
36.2

2024
Yemen
162
3.1
0.6
**14.8**
0.0
24.2

2024
Ethiopia
75
4.0
2.7
**8.0**
0.0
6.7

2024
Myanmar
57
3.5
0.0
**5.3**
0.0
8.6

2024
China
5,147
0.1
0.3
**2.0**
0.2
1.8

**Reading.** Per article, Israel coverage names NGOs and UN bodies far
*less* often than coverage of Sudan, Yemen, DR Congo or Myanmar — the
neglected crises are covered mainly when an agency forces them onto the
page — and far *more* often than coverage of Russia's war: in 2024 a UN
body appears in **13.5%** of international Israel articles (Western outlets
13.9%) against 2.0% for Ukraine and 2.7% for Russia, i.e. **5–7×**; the
international courts (ICJ/ICC strings ≈ 600 in the sample) and the Security
Council (≈ 500) are the most-named non-state bodies in Israel coverage,
while Human Rights Watch and Amnesty together appear in about 1 in 45
articles (2.2%). In absolute terms the picture inverts: NGO-sourced Israel
stories outnumber NGO-sourced Sudan stories about 26:1 (157 vs 6 in the
2024 sample). A health ministry is named in about 1 in 25 Israel articles
(1 in 18 Western ones) — a floor under the finding that 98% of
casualty-citing articles used the Gaza ministry's figures, since most
articles cite no casualty figure at all.

**Limits.** GDELT's organization extraction is noisy (stray tokens appear),
the name lists are conservative, so shares are floors; small-n countries
carry wide intervals (given in ORGS_TABLES.md).

### Framing

How often the *genocide* frame appears in coverage of each country, over
time — the penetration of the vocabulary. Same phase-1 frame, every year from 2015 to August 18, 2026; for each international article primarily about a
country, whether GDELT's theme fields (V1Themes + V2EnhancedThemes)
carry the GENOCIDE theme. A theme flag fires on any article whose text
carries the frame — including reports of the accusation, rebuttals of it, descriptions of October 7 as genocidal and Holocaust references — so this measures the prevalence of the frame in the conversation about
each country, not its endorsement. (GDELT has no apartheid theme, so that
word cannot be counted this way.) (gkg_terms.py; FRAMES_TABLES.md.)

**Share of international articles carrying the GENOCIDE theme, % (n):**

Country
2019
2021
2023
2024
2025

Israel
0.2 (3,895)
1.0 (1,828)
4.5 (5,573)
10.3 (7,258)
13.0 (5,024)

Sudan
9.0 (322)
3.1 (194)
3.5 (511)
10.8 (167)
6.0 (250)

Myanmar
15.0 (80)
7.7 (272)
4.5 (66)
1.8 (57)
0.0 (70)

China
0.1 (8,782)
1.3 (5,674)
0.3 (5,938)
0.3 (5,147)
0.1 (5,174)

Yemen
0.3 (345)
1.0 (191)
1.5 (133)
1.9 (162)
0.6 (179)

Syria
0.6 (1,486)
0.0 (445)
0.1 (700)
1.0 (805)
0.7 (760)

Ukraine
0.6 (2,024)
0.4 (1,090)
0.9 (5,796)
0.3 (4,313)
0.2 (4,344)

Russia
0.1 (5,731)
0.4 (4,129)
0.8 (6,286)
0.5 (5,375)
0.5 (4,997)

Iran
0.5 (2,177)
0.1 (724)
0.7 (838)
1.5 (1,443)
0.9 (843)

Israel: **0.2%** of international articles in 2019 (Western outlets
0.6%); 0.6% in 2023 before October 7 and
5.7% after it; **10.3%** in 2024 (Western 8.8%);
**13.0%** in 2025 (Western 11.1%). Comparators, 2024: Sudan
10.8% of 167 articles (a US-determined genocide, January 2025 —
the same per-article share in about 40× fewer stories: ≈18 vs ≈748 in the
sample); Myanmar 1.8% (US-determined genocide, 2022); China
0.3% (Uyghur genocide determination, 2021).

2026 to August 18: Israel 8.3% of 1,430 (Western 8.2%); Sudan 8.3% of 84; Syria 1.6%;
Ukraine and Russia 0.6%; China and Iran 0.3%.

Since October 7, 2023 (to August 18, 2026): **9.8%** of 18,045 sampled international
articles primarily about Israel (1,764); median month 9.9%; lowest month March 2026
(2.9%), when the Israel–US war with Iran began. Scaled to GDELT's full volume, that is
roughly **690,000 articles** in GDELT's raw article stream (range 640,000–740,000, from
resampling the slots) and roughly **280,000** in its smaller searchable index
([census](#census)): articles from outlets outside Israel, primarily about Israel,
carrying the theme.

**Israel, monthly, with the institutional calendar** (share of international
Israel articles carrying the theme; all outlets / Western outlets):

Month
n
all %
West %
Event

2023-09
121
0.8
1.8

2023-10
1,977
3.4
2.2
Oct 7; Segal essay (13 Oct)

2023-11
1,557
7.6
6.3

2023-12
809
7.3
6.1
South Africa files at the ICJ (29 Dec)

2024-01
692
15.8
14.0
ICJ hearings (11–12 Jan), order (26 Jan)

2024-02
542
13.1
11.3

2024-03
721
8.9
8.6
Albanese report (26 Mar)

2024-04
936
8.1
8.5

2024-05
753
14.1
12.6
ICC prosecutor's application (20 May)

2024-06
579
8.3
5.9

2024-07
534
6.9
4.7

2024-08
407
9.3
6.9

2024-09
514
6.4
5.4

2024-10
957
8.5
5.9

2024-11
351
14.8
14.4

2024-12
272
11.4
8.1
Amnesty (5 Dec) and HRW (19 Dec) reports

2025-01
418
10.5
8.0

2025-02
400
6.5
4.9

2025-03
481
9.6
7.1

2025-04
303
15.8
10.5

2025-05
423
11.1
10.8

2025-06
206
18.4
13.5
Partial month: 1–13 June (GDELT outage)

2025-07
486
16.0
14.2

2025-08
577
15.1
11.5
IAGS resolution (31 Aug)

2025-09
688
17.3
18.1
UN Commission of Inquiry finding (16 Sep)

2025-10
576
12.2
9.7
Gaza ceasefire (10 Oct)

2025-11
256
11.3
9.6

2025-12
210
10.5
9.0

2026-01
152
8.6
9.5

2026-02
179
14.0
20.0

2026-03
309
2.9
3.0
Israel–US war with Iran begins (28 Feb)

2026-04
182
9.9
7.4

2026-05
162
8.0
12.8

2026-06
203
7.9
2.8

2026-07
144
9.0
5.3

2026-08
99
12.1
13.0
Partial month: 1–18 Aug (data end)

The share roughly doubles in the month South Africa files at the ICJ and the
court issues its order (Dec 2023 7.3% → Jan 2024 15.8%), rises again with
the ICC prosecutor's application (Apr 8.1% → May 14.1%), and peaks in the
month of the UN Commission of Inquiry's finding (Sept 2025 17.3%; Western outlets 18.1%).
October 2023 is the full month; counted from October 7 it is 3.5%. The lowest month
since, March 2026 (2.9%), sits above every full pre-war year ([before October 7](#before-october-7)).

**By outlet home.** The same frame, split by where the outlet is based. "US newsrooms"
are GDELT's US-coded outlets with misfiled foreign outlets moved to their home
countries (Al Jazeera, Euronews, Reuters …) and aggregators removed
(gkg_terms_split.py). Share carrying the theme, % (n):

Period
US newsrooms
Other Western
Non-Western

Oct 7–Dec 2023
4.4 (752)
4.3 (1,793)
7.6 (1,671)

2024
12.0 (1,213)
7.5 (2,947)
12.5 (2,877)

2025
11.1 (665)
11.3 (2,058)
15.7 (2,104)

2026 to Aug 18
9.0 (178)
7.7 (542)
8.4 (678)

Non-Western outlets moved first, reaching 2% of their Israel coverage by October 13,
2023 (seven-day rolling share). US newsrooms were first to 10%, on November 7: two
days before non-Western outlets and 18 days before other Western ones. In the week of
the ICJ hearings (to January 14, 2024) they reached 50.6% (78 of 154). The theme counts
the word, not its direction; the US figures include outlets rebutting the charge.

**At major outlets,** the first found in each outlet's archive or sitemap: Reuters'
first headline, 10 October 2023, quoting the Palestinian UN envoy ("genocidal,"
[Reuters](https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/palestinian-un-envoy-accuses-israel-genocidal-campaign-against-gaza-2023-10-10/));
the Guardian's first opinion headline asserting it, 18 October 2023
([Guardian](https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2023/oct/18/israel-gaza-hamas-palestinians));
the Los Angeles Times op-ed page, Raz Segal, 19 November 2023
([LA Times](https://www.latimes.com/opinion/story/2023-11-19/israel-hostages-gaza-bombing-civilians-genocide-holocaust-studies));
the Washington Post's first staff columnist, Shadi Hamid, 28 May 2025
([Post](https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2025/05/22/israel-gaza-ethnic-cleansing-genocide-2/));
the New York Times' first opinion headline asserting it, Omer Bartov, 15 July 2025
([NYT](https://www.nytimes.com/2025/07/15/opinion/israel-gaza-holocaust-genocide-palestinians.html));
the Guardian's editorial board, 23 July 2025 ("halt Israel's genocide,"
[Guardian](https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2025/jul/23/the-guardian-view-on-starvation-in-gaza-it-will-take-more-than-words-to-halt-israels-genocide)).
No US major's editorial board was found adopting the word.

#### Before October 7

The charge predates the war by seven decades, and Arab governments made it first. In
February 1952 Jordan's Foreign Ministry printed a booklet, *The Rising Tide of Terror*
([cover](https://archive.org/details/xcollection274/page/n43/mode/1up)), and mailed it
to members of the US Congress; JTA reported that it "alleges that Israelis practice
'genocide' against Arab children"
([JTA, 2 May 1952](https://www.jta.org/archive/jordan-spreads-anti-israel-atrocity-propaganda-among-congressmen)).
On 22 September 1955 Egypt's foreign minister, Mahmoud Fawzi, told the General Assembly
that the Arabs of Palestine were "falling victims to discrimination and to genocide"
([A/PV.518](https://documents.un.org/doc/undoc/gen/nl5/502/68/pdf/nl550268.pdf),
para. 136). In December 1956 the chairmen of the 11 Arab UN delegations called the Kafr
Qasim killings "genocide"
([JTA](https://www.jta.org/archive/israel-will-try-eleven-border-policemen-in-curfew-killing-of-arabs)).

Soviet outlets joined after the June 1967 war. A Dutch daily headlined *Izvestia*'s
charges "Sovjet-Unie beschuldigt Israël van volkenmoord" ("Soviet Union accuses Israel
of genocide";
[Nieuwsblad van het Noorden, 16 June 1967](http://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010870207:mpeg21:a0052:ocr)).
Yugoslavia's prime minister told the General Assembly on 21 June of "a violence having
the character of genocide"
([A/PV.1529](https://documents.un.org/doc/undoc/gen/nl6/700/35/pdf/nl670035.pdf),
para. 92). *Komsomolskaya Pravda* used the word itself in 1970, reprinted in English by
Novosti ("International law qualifies such actions as genocide,"
[text](https://archive.org/details/zionism-instrument-of-imperialist-reaction-march-may-1970)),
and Fidel Castro used it at the General Assembly on 12 October 1979
([A/34/PV.31](https://documents.un.org/doc/undoc/gen/nl8/403/21/pdf/nl840321.pdf), para. 24).
It stayed rare in formal debate: the UN's records of the Palestine debates of 1948,
1953, 1974 and 1975, Arafat's 1974 speech included, contain no use of the word against
Israel.

The press carried it from 1967, almost always as a quoted charge. In the Dutch press
from 1967 to 1981, Arab governments, Arab papers and the PLO are the source 45 times;
communist states and parties, 13.

It broke into the mainstream in 1982, with the Lebanon war and the Sabra and Shatila
massacre. Dutch dailies ran 106 items carrying the charge that year, more than in the
1960s and 1970s combined (48), and the first unhedged headline in a mainstream paper's
own voice appears: "Genocide in Beiroet"
([Limburgsch Dagblad, 25 September 1982](http://resolver.kb.nl/resolve?urn=ddd:010593050:mpeg21:a0094:ocr)).
Books in English, French, German, Spanish and Russian all peak that year. The same year
it became official language. The Soviet government's statement of 14 June, circulated
as a UN document: "Israel is committing a criminal act of genocide in Lebanon"
([A/37/289](https://documents.un.org/doc/undoc/gen/n82/169/57/pdf/n8216957.pdf)). On 16
December the General Assembly resolved that the Sabra and Shatila massacre, carried
out by Lebanese Phalangist militia, "was an act of genocide" (resolution 37/123 D).
The clause passed 98–19–23 in a separate vote; nearly every Western democracy voted
against or abstained, and the United States called the label "a serious and a
reckless misuse of language"
([A/37/PV.108](https://documents.un.org/doc/undoc/gen/nl8/606/53/pdf/nl860653.pdf)). From
1983 the Soviet Anti-Zionist Committee and state publishers ran it as a standing
charge.

The surge did not last. Dutch dailies ran 16 items in 1983; their rate in 1990–95 was below even their 1970s level, and JTA recorded one
item in the whole of the 1990s. The revival came after 2001, through NGOs, activists
and a few heads of state: the Durban NGO
Forum declaration, 2001 ("acts of genocide and ethnic cleansing,"
[text](https://www.adalah.org/uploads/oldfiles/eng/intladvocacy/ngoforumdecl.htm)),
which Human Rights Watch and Amnesty rejected at the time; Ilan Pappé, "A genocide is
taking place in Gaza" (*Electronic Intifada*, 2006,
[archived](http://web.archive.org/web/20120215051745/http://electronicintifada.net/content/genocide-gaza/6397));
Hugo Chávez, Evo Morales and four delegations at the General Assembly during the
2008–09 Gaza war ("That is genocide"); Mahmoud Abbas at the General Assembly,
September 2014 ("a new war of genocide,"
[statement](https://www.un.org/en/ga/69/meetings/gadebate/pdf/PS_en.pdf)); Recep Tayyip
Erdoğan in 2014 and 2018; the Lemkin Institute's alerts of January–July 2023.

Measured, it was small but it never went away: the theme appears in every year before
October 7, never below 0.2% of international articles primarily about Israel. Share
carrying the theme, by year:

2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023 (to Oct 6)

0.4
0.3
0.3
1.2
0.2
0.3
1.0
0.9
0.6

Samples of 967–7,603 articles a year; the highs are the 2018 border protests and the
May 2021 war.

**Then and now.** The two records can't share a scale (hand-classified press items
then, GDELT's theme now), but their shapes can be compared. The rise is similar: the
Dutch dailies' 1982 rate was about 30 times their 1970s rate; the share of
international Israel coverage carrying the theme was about 18 times its 2015–2022
average (0.58%) in 2024 and 22 times in 2025. The persistence is not. In 1983 the Dutch
count fell to 15% of its peak. The post-October 7 share rose again in 2025, to 126% of
its 2024 level, and 2026 to August runs at 81%.

These are the archives that can be searched and read in full, article by article, from
1960 to 1995: Delpher holds national and regional Dutch dailies for the whole period, the
Communist Party's included; JTA reported charges against Israel wherever they were made;
and the *Canberra Times* and Christchurch *Press* are open through 1995 in Australia's
and New Zealand's national archives, while the major US and UK dailies sit behind
subscription databases. They differ in country and politics but agree on the timing,
which is what the timeline above rests on. Read: every JTA item with the word,
1960–1999 (1,051); every matching Delpher article, 1960–1995 (1,616); every match in the
*Canberra Times* (168) and the *Press* (92); and Google Books phrase frequencies in five
languages. One reader classified each item. Full quotes, tables and sources:
research-genocide-accusations-pre-oct7.md.

### Bibliography

Every source cited in the article, with its Internet Archive snapshot.
Sources were verified at fact-check (Aug 24, 2026): every quoted phrase
was matched verbatim against the cited page or an integrity-equivalent
copy (publisher PDF, author-posted preprint, PubMed/UNC/LSHTM copies of
the same papers, Wayback snapshots).

#
Canonical URL
Archive (Wayback)

1
https://www.who.int/news/item/09-01-2026-sudan-1000-days-of-war-deepen-the-world-s-worst-health-and-humanitarian-crisis
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824172344/https://www.who.int/news/item/09-01-2026-sudan-1000-days-of-war-deepen-the-world-s-worst-health-and-humanitarian-crisis)

2
https://www.unicef.org/press-releases/famine-confirmed-sudans-north-darfur-confirming-un-agencies-worst-fears
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824172419/https://www.unicef.org/press-releases/famine-confirmed-sudans-north-darfur-confirming-un-agencies-worst-fears)

3
https://2021-2025.state.gov/genocide-determination-in-sudan-and-imposing-accountability-measures/
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824172451/https://2021-2025.state.gov/genocide-determination-in-sudan-and-imposing-accountability-measures/)

4
https://news.un.org/en/story/2026/02/1166960
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824172524/https://news.un.org/en/story/2026/02/1166960)

5
https://www.who.int/news/item/29-10-2025-who-condemns-killings-of-patients-and-civilians-amid-escalating-violence-in-el-fasher--sudan
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824172602/https://www.who.int/news/item/29-10-2025-who-condemns-killings-of-patients-and-civilians-amid-escalating-violence-in-el-fasher--sudan)

6
https://profound.af/the-invisible-weapon-acade58e7c3f
[20251017](https://web.archive.org/web/20251017021633/https://profound.af/the-invisible-weapon-acade58e7c3f)

7
https://www.gdeltproject.org/
[20260820](https://web.archive.org/web/20260820024323/https://www.gdeltproject.org/)

8
https://www.tabletmag.com/sections/israel-middle-east/articles/israel-insider-guide
[20260813](https://web.archive.org/web/20260813152455/https://www.tabletmag.com/sections/israel-middle-east/articles/israel-insider-guide)

9
https://doi.org/10.1080/17467586.2010.530288
[20250420](https://web.archive.org/web/20250420113222/https://doi.org/10.1080/17467586.2010.530288)

10
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/21670811.2012.744560
[20241218](https://web.archive.org/web/20241218125909/http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/21670811.2012.744560)

11
https://news.un.org/en/story/2023/10/1141782
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824173510/https://news.un.org/en/story/2023/10/1141782)

12
https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/TA-9-2023-0356_EN.html
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824173622/https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/TA-9-2023-0356_EN.html)

13
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/article/PIIS2214-109x(25
[20250716](https://web.archive.org/web/20250716171323/https://thelancet.com/journals/langlo/article/PIIS2214-109x(25)

14
https://acleddata.com/conflict-watchlist-2025/sudan/
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824174008/https://acleddata.com/report/foreign-meddling-and-fragmentation-fuel-war-sudan)

15
https://www.prio.org/news/3058
[20260820](https://web.archive.org/web/20260820105840/https://www.prio.org/news/3058)

16
https://english.elpais.com/international/2023-01-27/ethiopias-forgotten-war-is-the-deadliest-of-the-21st-century-with-around-600000-civilian-deaths.html
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824174422/https://english.elpais.com/international/2023-01-27/ethiopias-forgotten-war-is-the-deadliest-of-the-21st-century-with-around-600000-civilian-deaths.html)

17
https://gh.bmj.com/content/8/7/e010270
[20260719](https://web.archive.org/web/20260719215415/https://gh.bmj.com/content/8/7/e010270)

18
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2022/dec/28/war-ukraine-deadliest-conflict-tigray-ethiopia
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824174722/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2022/dec/28/war-ukraine-deadliest-conflict-tigray-ethiopia)

19
https://news.un.org/en/story/2025/08/1165586
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824174839/https://news.un.org/en/story/2025/08/1165586)

20
https://news.un.org/en/story/2025/04/1162156
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824174945/https://news.un.org/en/story/2025/04/1162156)

21
https://www.undp.org/publications/assessing-impact-war-yemen-pathways-recovery
[20260609](https://web.archive.org/web/20260609075258/https://www.undp.org/publications/assessing-impact-war-yemen-pathways-recovery)

22
https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2022/06/un-human-rights-office-estimates-more-306000-civilians-were-killed-over-10
[20260716](https://web.archive.org/web/20260716155435/https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2022/06/un-human-rights-office-estimates-more-306000-civilians-were-killed-over-10)

23
https://2021-2025.state.gov/secretary-antony-j-blinken-at-the-united-states-holocaust-memorial-museum/
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824175316/https://2021-2025.state.gov/secretary-antony-j-blinken-at-the-united-states-holocaust-memorial-museum/)

24
https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2018/08/committee-elimination-racial-discrimination-reviews-report-china
[20260122](https://web.archive.org/web/20260122003604/https://www.ohchr.org/en/press-releases/2018/08/committee-elimination-racial-discrimination-reviews-report-china)

25
https://2017-2021.state.gov/determination-of-the-secretary-of-state-on-atrocities-in-xinjiang/
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824175527/https://2017-2021.state.gov/determination-of-the-secretary-of-state-on-atrocities-in-xinjiang/)

26
https://reliefweb.int/report/sudan/mr-martin-griffiths-under-secretary-general-humanitarian-affairs-and-emergency-relief-coordinator-transcript-press-conference-un-high-commissioner-refugees-filippo-grandi-7-february-2024
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824175707/https://reliefweb.int/report/sudan/mr-martin-griffiths-under-secretary-general-humanitarian-affairs-and-emergency-relief-coordinator-transcript-press-conference-un-high-commissioner-refugees-filippo-grandi-7-february-2024)

27
https://henryjacksonsociety.org/publications/questionable-counting/
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824175738/https://henryjacksonsociety.org/publications/questionable-counting/)

28
https://www.state.gov/foreign-terrorist-organizations/
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824175837/https://www.state.gov/foreign-terrorist-organizations/)

29
https://fathomjournal.org/statistically-impossible-a-critical-analysis-of-hamass-women-and-children-casualty-figures/
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824175910/https://fathomjournal.org/statistically-impossible-a-critical-analysis-of-hamass-women-and-children-casualty-figures/)

30
https://academic.oup.com/poq/article-abstract/36/2/176/1853310
[20260622](https://web.archive.org/web/20260622214240/https://academic.oup.com/poq/article-abstract/36/2/176/1853310)

31
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0010028573900339
[20260326](https://web.archive.org/web/20260326232313/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0010028573900339)

32
https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ219546
[20260217](https://web.archive.org/web/20260217173539/https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ219546)

33
https://www.apa.org/pubs/journals/features/xge-0000098.pdf
[20260821](https://web.archive.org/web/20260821033543/https://www.apa.org/pubs/journals/features/xge-0000098.pdf)

34
https://iop.harvard.edu/youth-poll/47th-edition-spring-2024
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824180712/https://iop.harvard.edu/youth-poll/47th-edition-spring-2024)

35
https://yougov.com/en-gb/articles/49594-general-election-2024-what-are-the-most-important-issues-for-voters
[20260810](https://web.archive.org/web/20260810023128/https://yougov.com/en-gb/articles/49594-general-election-2024-what-are-the-most-important-issues-for-voters)

36
https://x.com/Safety/status/1711564133504872481
[20250323](https://web.archive.org/web/20250323172323/https://x.com/safety/status/1711564133504872481)

37
https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/uncommitted-wins-2-democratic-delegates-in-michigan-a-victory-for-bidens-anti-war-opponents
[20260523](https://web.archive.org/web/20260523104325/https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/uncommitted-wins-2-democratic-delegates-in-michigan-a-victory-for-bidens-anti-war-opponents)

38
https://news.gallup.com/poll/472070/democrats-sympathies-middle-east-shift-palestinians.aspx
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824181308/https://news.gallup.com/poll/472070/democrats-sympathies-middle-east-shift-palestinians.aspx)

39
https://www.creators.com/read/dennis-prager/09/24/israel-derangement-syndrome
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824181343/https://www.creators.com/read/dennis-prager/09/24/israel-derangement-syndrome)

40
https://san.com/cc/ms-rachel-breaks-silence-on-gaza-posts-amid-calls-for-doj-investigation/
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824181450/https://san.com/cc/ms-rachel-breaks-silence-on-gaza-posts-amid-calls-for-doj-investigation/)

41
https://www.opb.org/article/2025/06/03/ms-rachel-says-shell-keep-advocating-for-children-in-gaza-even-if-it-means-risking-her-career/
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824181530/https://www.opb.org/article/2025/06/03/ms-rachel-says-shell-keep-advocating-for-children-in-gaza-even-if-it-means-risking-her-career/)

42
https://www.deseret.com/u-s-world/2021/7/20/22585352/ben-jerrys-will-stop-selling-ice-cream-in-certain-israeli-occupied-territories/
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824181715/https://www.deseret.com/u-s-world/2021/7/20/22585352/ben-jerrys-will-stop-selling-ice-cream-in-certain-israeli-occupied-territories/)

43
https://www.jta.org/2025/05/15/politics/ben-cohen-of-ben-jerrys-is-arrested-for-disrupting-rfk-jr-senate-testimony-with-gaza-war-protest
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824181812/https://www.jta.org/2025/05/15/politics/ben-cohen-of-ben-jerrys-is-arrested-for-disrupting-rfk-jr-senate-testimony-with-gaza-war-protest)

44
https://x.com/YoBenCohen/status/1983157682606346509
[20251030](https://web.archive.org/web/20251030222044/https://x.com/YoBenCohen/status/1983157682606346509)

45
https://thevillagesun.com/blood-glue-and-boos-as-protesters-block-thanksgiving-parade
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824182004/https://thevillagesun.com/blood-glue-and-boos-as-protesters-block-thanksgiving-parade)

46
https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/pro-palestinian-protesters-block-airport-access-roads-in-new-york-and-los-angeles
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824182137/https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/pro-palestinian-protesters-block-airport-access-roads-in-new-york-and-los-angeles)

47
https://www.cbsnews.com/sanfrancisco/news/second-protest-blocks-all-lanes-of-golden-gate-bridge-san-francisco/
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824182217/https://www.cbsnews.com/sanfrancisco/news/second-protest-blocks-all-lanes-of-golden-gate-bridge-san-francisco/)

48
https://time.com/6975345/met-gala-2024-protests-gaza/
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824182401/https://time.com/6975345/met-gala-2024-protests-gaza/)

49
https://hyperallergic.com/moma-shutters-as-500-protesters-infiltrate-atrium-in-support-of-palestine/
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824182438/https://hyperallergic.com/moma-shutters-as-500-protesters-infiltrate-atrium-in-support-of-palestine/)

50
https://www.jta.org/2024/06/11/ny/nova-music-festival-exhibition-is-extended-in-ny-after-anti-israel-activists-target-it-for-protest
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824182508/https://www.jta.org/2024/06/11/ny/nova-music-festival-exhibition-is-extended-in-ny-after-anti-israel-activists-target-it-for-protest)

51
https://www.timesofisrael.com/how-ceasefire-resolutions-on-faraway-gaza-are-sowing-seeds-of-hate-in-us-cities/
[20250221](https://web.archive.org/web/20250221115906/http://www.timesofisrael.com/how-ceasefire-resolutions-on-faraway-gaza-are-sowing-seeds-of-hate-in-us-cities/)

52
https://www.wbez.org/politics/2024/01/31/chicago-mayor-breaks-tie-to-call-for-ceasefire-in-gaza
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824182743/https://www.wbez.org/politics/2024/01/31/chicago-mayor-breaks-tie-to-call-for-ceasefire-in-gaza)

53
https://time.com/6974567/divestment-sudan-lessons-israel-protestors/
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824182922/https://time.com/6974567/divestment-sudan-lessons-israel-protestors/)

54
https://rollcall.com/2025/11/04/zohran-mamdani-new-york-mayor-election/
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824182954/https://rollcall.com/2025/11/04/zohran-mamdani-new-york-mayor-election/)

55
https://www.newsweek.com/mass-unfollowing-hitting-celebrities-gaza-met-gala-1901831
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824183212/https://www.newsweek.com/mass-unfollowing-hitting-celebrities-gaza-met-gala-1901831)

56
https://x.com/literarycore/status/1789299717479993685
no public archive — verbatim local copy held by the author

57
https://www.samharris.org/podcasts/making-sense-episodes/why-dont-i-criticize-israel
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824183645/https://www.samharris.org/podcasts/making-sense-episodes/why-dont-i-criticize-israel)

58
https://sapirjournal.org/social-justice/2021/how-not-to-think-about-the-conflict/
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824183716/https://sapirjournal.org/social-justice/2021/how-not-to-think-about-the-conflict/)

59
https://www.wnycstudios.org/podcasts/otm/articles/ethan-bronner-and-matti-friedman-coverage-israel-palestine
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824183751/https://www.wnycstudios.org/podcasts/otm/articles/ethan-bronner-and-matti-friedman-coverage-israel-palestine)

60
https://www.israelnationalnews.com/news/397304
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824183925/https://www.israelnationalnews.com/news/397304)

61
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1464884914521579
[20250529](https://web.archive.org/web/20250529234257/https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1464884914521579)

62
https://www.hadassahmagazine.org/2014/03/17/interview-jodi-rudoren/
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824184154/https://www.hadassahmagazine.org/2014/03/17/interview-jodi-rudoren/)

63
https://www.nationalreview.com/2006/08/russian-footprints-ion-mihai-pacepa/
[20260308](https://web.archive.org/web/20260308144057/https://www.nationalreview.com/2006/08/russian-footprints-ion-mihai-pacepa/)

64
https://fathomjournal.org/soviet-anti-zionism-and-contemporary-left-antisemitism/
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824184413/https://fathomjournal.org/soviet-anti-zionism-and-contemporary-left-antisemitism/)

65
https://www.inform.nu/Articles/Vol22/ISJv22p157-182Cohen6127.pdf
[20251016](https://web.archive.org/web/20251016182949/https://www.inform.nu/Articles/Vol22/ISJv22p157-182Cohen6127.pdf)

66
https://unwatch.org/2025-unga-resolutions-on-israel-vs-rest-of-the-world/
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824184608/https://unwatch.org/2025-unga-resolutions-on-israel-vs-rest-of-the-world/)

67
https://unwatch.org/un-general-assembly-condemns-israel-6-times-sudan-0/
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824184640/https://unwatch.org/un-general-assembly-condemns-israel-6-times-sudan-0/)

68
https://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4886594,00.html
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824184713/https://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4886594,00.html)

69
https://documents.un.org/api/symbol/access?s=A/62/53&l=en&t=pdf
[20260809](https://web.archive.org/web/20260809025552/https://documents.un.org/api/symbol/access?s=A/62/53&l=en&t=pdf)

70
https://press.un.org/en/2007/db070621.doc.htm
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824184922/https://press.un.org/en/2007/db070621.doc.htm)

71
https://www.nytimes.com/2009/10/20/opinion/20bernstein.html
[20260803](https://web.archive.org/web/20260803175544/http://www.nytimes.com/2009/10/20/opinion/20bernstein.html)

72
https://www.timesofisrael.com/outgoing-human-rights-watch-senior-editor-blasts-groups-infected-work-on-israel/
[20260129](https://web.archive.org/web/20260129031846/https://www.timesofisrael.com/outgoing-human-rights-watch-senior-editor-blasts-groups-infected-work-on-israel/)

73
https://www.niemanlab.org/2020/09/aj-al-jazeeras-social-video-friendly-service-will-now-have-to-register-as-a-foreign-agent-in-the-united-states/
[20250219](https://web.archive.org/web/20250219174703/https://www.niemanlab.org/2020/09/aj-al-jazeeras-social-video-friendly-service-will-now-have-to-register-as-a-foreign-agent-in-the-united-states/)

74
https://blogs.microsoft.com/on-the-issues/2024/02/06/iran-accelerates-cyber-ops-against-israel/
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824185618/https://blogs.microsoft.com/on-the-issues/2024/02/06/iran-accelerates-cyber-ops-against-israel/)

75
https://cyabra.com/blog/1-of-4-pro-hamas-profiles-are-fake-the-online-battlefront/
[20260824](https://web.archive.org/web/20260824185651/https://cyabra.com/blog/1-of-4-pro-hamas-profiles-are-fake-the-online-battlefront/)

76
https://x.com/Safety/status/1843345200787202137
[20250123](https://web.archive.org/web/20250123142149/https://x.com/Safety/status/1843345200787202137)

77
https://profound.af/aiding-abetting-the-cia-dark-money-network-trying-to-overthrow-the-israeli-government-1972bf066e24
[20251104](https://web.archive.org/web/20251104190521/https://profound.af/aiding-abetting-the-cia-dark-money-network-trying-to-overthrow-the-israeli-government-1972bf066e24)

One cited X post (the May 2024 Blockout organizing post) cannot be publicly archived — X login-walls its post pages against all archivers — so a verbatim copy of the post (full text, author, date, metrics as read) is preserved in the author's records and quoted exactly in the article.

---

*Author: Jeremy Musighi. Article: [Center of Attention](https://profound.af/center-of-attention).
Prior investigations: [The Invisible Weapon](https://profound.af/the-invisible-weapon-acade58e7c3f)
· [Aiding & Abetting](https://profound.af/aiding-abetting-the-cia-dark-money-network-trying-to-overthrow-the-israeli-government-1972bf066e24).*